NHS Diet Advice for Diabetes. In the UK, current 2. NHS diabetes diet advice is that there is no special diet for people with diabetes. Many people with diabetes focus on the carbohydrate content of their meals and prefer a low- carb diet for tight blood glucose level control. The NHS (and Diabetes UK) recommend a healthy, balanced diet that is low in fat, sugar and salt and contain a high level of fresh fruit and vegetables. This guide reviews the diet advice the NHS gives to people with diabetes and discusses to what degree the advice is sensible. What does the NHS advise? The NHS provides the following diet advice for people with diabetes: ? Whilst a number of these points are undoubtedly sensible, some of the recommendations have been criticised by patients and some leading UK healthcare professionals. The following points are sensible: Eat plenty of vegetables. Have sufficient fibre in your diet. Healthy bowel guide Information for patients. Tel: 020 3214 5700 www.cnwl.nhs.uk. Cut down on sugar. Cut down on processed meat. Eat fish regularly. Cut down on energy dense, processed food - such as crisps, cakes, biscuits and pastries. NHS Direct Wales is a health advice and information service available 24 hours a day, every day. You can call us on 0845 46 47 if you are feeling ill and are unsure. NHS England publishes statistics on a range of health and care subjects. These statistics are used to inform debate, decision-making and research both. GOV.UK uses cookies to make the site simpler. New figures show high blood pressure costs NHS billions each year Display type: Press release From. How A Physician Can Get Viagra Samples. Cialis Through Canada. Heartburn Relief From Cialis. Free Pills with every order! Cut down on alcohol. Cut down on salty processed foods However, some of the recommendations may inadvertently lead to poorer diet choices. The recommendations for people with diabetes to eat plenty of starchy carbohydrate and avoid fat from meat and dairy could lead to poorer blood glucose control, particularly in people with type 2 diabetes. Should I base meals upon starchy carbohydrate? The NHS advises people, including those with diabetes, to base meals around food with starchy carbohydrate such as: Potatoes. Cereals. Pasta. Rice. Bread. The problem with this advice is that even starchy carbohydrates with a low GI can have a pronounced effect in raising blood glucose levels. Starchy carbohydrate may be problematic for many people with type 2 diabetes as carbohydrate requires greater insulin production than fat or protein does. By contrast, some people with type 1 diabetes have reported better success by following a low carbohydrate diet. Adjusting to a low carbohydrate will require care and dedication and the support of your diabetes health team. The NHS provides guidelines to help people make healthy food choices. The same advice applies to people with and without diabetes. The NHS advises people with diabetes to eat a source of starchy carbohydrates at each meal. Starchy carbohydrates include rice, pasta, bread and cereals. Choose lower GI versions or whole grain varieties where possible as these are more slowly absorbed and contain more nutrients. This advice has courted some controversy from people with type 2 diabetes, who report that this amount of carbohydrate can make diabetes harder to control. Testing your blood glucose before and after meals can help you to see how blood glucose levels respond to different levels of carbohydrate. The NHS advises people aim to have at least 5 portions of fruit and veg each day. Nutritional research has shown that eating a minimum of 5 portions of fruit and vegetables a day can reduce the chances of suffering heart attacks, strokes and some cancers. Examples of a portion include an apple or an 8. The NHS encourages people to eat at least 2 portions of fish a week, with one of these being oily fish. Examples of oily fish include mackerel, sardines, pilchards and fresh tuna. Non- oily fish includes haddock, plaice, cod and tinned tuna. The NHS advises most people to consume less saturated fat. Where possible, they advise to choose unsaturated fat in preference to saturated fat. Examples of sources of unsaturated fat include avocado, nuts and vegetable oils. Examples of sources of saturated fat include red meat, crisps, biscuits and butter. People with diabetes have extra reason to eat less sugar as sugar has a fast and direct impact on blood glucose levels. Products with a tendency to contain higher amounts of salt include tinned soups, ready meals and other tinned or packaged foods sauces. Check the side of tins and packages to see how much sugar and salt they contain. Research into fat in the news. Should I eat low- fat products? A notable point about products labelled as low- fat is that many of them have added sugar, salt or other unnatural additives to replace the fat. Caution should, however, be taken with fruit juice as it has a high sugar content and raises blood glucose levels very quickly. It is better to eat whole fruit instead of fruit juice as whole fruit contains more fibre which helps to slow down the impact on blood glucose levels. Should I follow the NHS diet advice?
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Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Mayo Clinic School of Medicine; Mayo Clinic School of Continuous. Scott December 28, 2011. Fascinating stuff here. The nutritional ketosis approach makes some sense to me, from the perspective of human evolution (I Healthy Diet Plans >> Questions Asked >> Diet: Diet after removal of gall bladder how about a person without gall bladder? The Paleo Diet focuses on eating like a Do Leg Workouts Burn Belly Fat for Men? Leg training in particular has certain benefits for men when it comes to shedding unwanted pounds, though how effective your leg workouts are in terms of burning belly fat depends on a number of factors. Calories Burned. Half an hour of vigorous weight training burns between 1. Harvard Medical School. Heavier men will burn more, while lighter men will burn slightly less. Leg training is particularly calorie intensive as you're working larger muscle groups than your biceps and triceps, for instance. Workouts To Burn Leg Fat - Lowering Cholesterol Naturally Workouts To Burn Leg Fat Weight Loss Asheville Nc Low Cholesterol Diet Plan Patient Handout. A leg workout composed of multi- joint exercises such as squats, lunges and deadlifts will burn more calories than a session devoted to singe- joint moves such as leg extensions, curls or crunches, writes trainer Chad Waterbury in . The idea that training certain body parts can result in direct fat loss is a myth. Your body decides where it loses fat from first and at what rate. Though you can increase fat loss speed by creating a bigger calorie deficit through moving more and eating less, you can't tell your body what areas you want to lose fat from first. Metabolism. Weight training may burn fewer calories per hour than cardio activities, but that doesn't necessarily make it a poor choice for fat loss. Resistance training builds lean muscle mass, which elevates your metabolism, notes Mayo. Clinic. com. As men age, their metabolisms can slow down due to a decrease in muscle mass, so building more muscle can help keep your metabolic rate high. As your legs account for a large proportion of your muscle mass, building them can cause a noticeable rise in metabolism and your daily calorie burn. Resistance training also has a bigger impact on your overall calorie burn post- workout than cardio does, write Jeff M. Len Kravitz of the University of New Mexico, on Dr. It takes a lot of energy and calories for your body to repair damaged muscle tissue after a weights workout, which again raises your metabolism. Considerations. Leg workouts can certainly aid belly fat burning for men, but they are only one part of the puzzle. To burn fat you also need to reduce your calorie intake, as well as performing other forms of exercise such as weight training for your other muscle groups and cardiovascular training. The Poliquin Performance Institute recommends picking compound movements and keeping your rest periods low to maximize fat burning when lifting weights. About the Author. Mike Samuels started writing for his own fitness website and local publications in 2. He graduated from Peter Symonds College in the UK with A Levels in law, business and sports science, and is a fully qualified personal trainer, sports massage therapist and corrective exercise specialist with accreditations from Premier Global International. Photo Credits. David Rogers/Getty Images Sport/Getty Images. Need to burn fat fast? These cardio workouts are among the best weight loss workouts you'll find on MensFitness.com. 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The Low-Fodmap Diet Cookbook by Sue Shepherd, 9781615191918, available at Book Depository with free delivery worldwide. Home; Contact Us; Help; Free delivery.The Complete Low-FODMAP Diet has 311 ratings and 36 reviews. I'm giving 5 stars to the concept of low FODMAP more than the actual book. Posted by Natalie Nott in Book. Now there is fresh milk in skim, low fat and. She has eagerly taken up the challenge to create recipes to cater for her own need for a low FODMAP diet, and to. Low- Carb Vegan Diet Plan . But vegans don’t need to give up carbohydrate- dense meals to lose weight, and their natural food choices help them stay leaner than the general population, studies show. Vegans intent on following a low- carb diet to lose weight may need to take vitamins and mineral supplements to stay properly nourished. Vitamins and Minerals. Vegans following a low- carb diet must be particularly diligent about meeting their needs for Vitamins D and B1. These nutrients are commonly found in meat, dairy and egg products, all of which are prohibited on a vegan diet. Calcium can be found in soy, almond and rice milks, which may be included on a vegan diet. Vegans can most easily obtain the other nutrients in fortified breakfast cereals. Careful Planning Needed. Vegans, with careful planning, can meet their vitamin and mineral needs while lowering their carbohydrates. Carbohydrate- free sources of iron include green and black- eyed peas, lentils, kidney beans, turnip greens, molasses, dried apricots, prunes and raisins, according to the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Zinc can be found in white beans, kidney beans, chickpeas, wheat germ and pumpkin seeds, according to the USDA food pyramid. Soy beverages, veggie burgers and yeast contain B1. Vegans can also take vitamin and mineral supplements. Government Guidelines. Specific Carb Diet Vegetarian SoupThis article is only about a specific case study of what one vegetarian South Indian woman did when she was put on a low-carbohydrate diet. You should consult your doctor, nutritionist and/or dietician before making any decisions When I heard a case of one South. The Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD), has been used successfully by many people to treat the following: Crohn's disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Celiac disease, Chronic Diarrhea, candidiasis, and autism. Before beginning the diet. Getting stared with Specific Carbohydrate Diet - the emotional side of changing your diet for the long term. Search for: Happy Gut For Life Living sugar, grain and gluten-free Menu Skip to content. A low carb vegetarian diet includes more protein. Many people naturally loose weight while eating vegetarian. But, if you are one of the 'carb-aholics'. There’s no particular health or weight loss advantage for vegans to restrict carbohydrates. The USDA’s food pyramid for vegans includes six servings of grains on a 1,5. The USDA guidelines also recommend that vegans eat three servings daily of fruits and vegetables and 6 ounces of protein from sources such as soy, legumes, nuts and seeds. The USDA recommends two to three servings of dairy daily or the calcium equivalent in other food sources or supplements. Choice of Carbohydrates Important. Specific Carb Diet Vegetarian PlanIt’s more important for weight- watching vegans to choose their carbohydrates carefully than to limit them, says Leslie Beck, a registered dietitian who writes a weekly column for the . Refined carbohydrates such as those found in white bread, cakes, cookies and pasta are not as filling as complex carbohydrates, which also contain more fiber, aiding in digestion and natural weight loss. Beck says complex carbohydrates are more nutritious and that soaking brown rice overnight before cooking it increases its fiber, vitamin and mineral content, including an amino acid that helps repair tissues and another that benefits the kidneys. Vegan Diet Aids in Weight Maintenance. Vegans are better able to maintain healthy weights than others, several studies have found. In one study at the University of Oxford found that vegans were less likely to gain weight than meat- eaters, fish- eaters and vegetarians who consumed eggs and dairy. The study tracked the eating habits of 2. Participants gained an average of 4. Vegans gained an average of 1. Meat- eaters gained the most weight, followed by fish- eaters and vegetarians. This article reflects the views of the writer and does not necessarily reflect the views of Jillian Michaels or Jillian. Robot Check. Enter the characters you see below. Sorry, we just need to make sure you're not a robot. Specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) is a restrictive diet created by Sidney V. The diet is claimed to treat inflammatory bowel disease and various other However. Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD) recipes. The SCD is used to control Crohn's Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Inflammatory Bowl Disease, IBS, Diverticulitis, Celiac disease, Autism, Chicken Pancake with Vegetables. Cooking for the Specific Carbohydrate Diet: Over 100 Easy, Healthy, and Delicious Recipes that are Sugar-Free, Gluten-Free, and Grain-Free . DELICIOUS DISHES FOR A COMFY BELLY Do. For best results, please make sure your browser is accepting cookies. North American Lizards From The Sceloporus Genus. By Dick Bartlett. Of the many species of swifts and spiny lizards, 2. United States. Others are found southward through Mexico to northern Panama. Management and Monitoring Packet. Grass seeds make up the majority of their diet, and the husks of. The Texas spiny lizard (Sceloporus olivaceus) is a species of phrynosomatid lizard native to the south central United States, in the states of Texas and. The Texas spiny lizard (Sceloporus olivaceus) is a species of phrynosomatid lizard native to the south central United States, in the states of Texas and Oklahoma, and. Texas Spiny Lizards mating. More information on the Texas Spiny Lizard may be found at http:// We maintain the landsc. Friendly forums dedicated to BBQ for those who like to talk about Texas BBQ. More often, however, the arboreal Texas spiny lizard is mistaken for the ground-dwelling Texas horned lizard. Texas spiny lizard is master of camouflage. In the United States, the lizards of this group are found from southern New York, southern South Dakota and northern Washington in the north, to South Florida, the Gulf States and the Mexican border. Several of the fence lizards (which, because of their rapid movements, are colloquially referred to as “swifts”) are familiar backyard species. Others, among them the bunchgrass lizards and Yarrow’s spiny lizard, are denizens of remote montane fastnesses. Big Bend Canyon lizard (S. This is because genetics, rather than appearance, are now used by most taxonomists to determine valid species, and there is a strong tendency by those same researchers to not recognize subspecies. As you may imagine, field researchers and lab researchers seldom agree. Studies are ongoing, and additional name changes will undoubtedly occur. Our two Field Guides — A Guide and Reference to the Crocodilians, Turtles, and Lizards of Eastern and Central North America (North of Mexico) and Guide and Reference to the Turtles and Lizards of Western North America (North of Mexico) and Hawaii, both published by the University Press of Florida — are the most up- to- date guides available and contain, in addition to descriptive text, colored photographs of all species and subspecies of swifts and spiny lizards. Rose bellied lizard. In external appearance, they are long- tailed, stocky lizards with a head of moderate size. All are capable of modest color changes. They are darkest when cold, inactive or beginning the day’s basking, and lightest when optimum body temperature has been attained and the lizards are alert and foraging. The spiny lizards of the United States are clad dorsally in scales of rock gray or tree- bark brown, and they may be striped, marked with rearward directed chevrons, or both. They are of lighter coloration ventrally, and males of most have blue ventrolateral patches and a blue and black throat that is displayed to females and during territorial advertisements in a series of stylized pushups. Rather than blue, the aptly named rose- bellied lizard of Texas, Mexico and Central America, has rosy belly patches. Twin spotted lizard (S. Melissa Kaplan's Herp Care Collection Last updated January 1, 2014. Spiny Lizards: Jeweled Swifts, Fence Lizards, Crevice Lizards, Blue-bellies.In fact, some of the more common and wide- ranging species, none of which are particularly showy, are virtually unknown in the American pet trade. Except for the species that occur in the United States, only the beautiful variably green emerald swift (Sceloporus malachiticus) of Central America is commonly available to American hobbyists. This high- elevation, cloud- forest dwelling, live- bearing species can be difficult to acclimate and is not a beginner’s lizard. They are tempting because of their beauty and the fact they are rather inexpensive. Even when they are heavy- bodied and feeding eagerly as fresh imports, they have a tendency to become emaciated, a condition that, once started, is difficult to stabilize or reverse. It is difficult to duplicate the high- altitude environment in which this species has evolved. Many hobbyist keepers collect their own swifts and spiny lizards from the wild. Before doing this, I strongly urge you to familiarize yourself with the laws in your home state and of all states in which you intend to collect lizards. Running afoul of non- game laws and regulations is not something to be taken lightly, and the penalties can become even more severe if a lizard collected in violation of existing laws is transported across state lines. Enclosure Size and Design. Caging for these lizards is not merely a matter of securing one in an escape- proof cage or terrarium and placing it on a shelf. Enclosure design, humidity, lighting, heating, feeding and watering must all be considered. Yellow back spiny lizard (S. Swifts and spiny lizards need space. All spiny lizards are active heliotherms (basking lizards) that, in the wild, move quickly between sun- splashed boulders or into arboreal positions to avail themselves of optimum temperatures and prey availability. Although as a group these lizards are often referred to as arboreal, this term is not always accurate. Some, such as the eastern fence lizards, do climb trees, and the mesquite lizard is persistently arboreal. Others, such as the large granite spiny lizard are rock dwellers (saxicolous) and are agile, wary and well- camouflaged. In good caging, the lizards may be hard to spot even when in plain sight. The sagebrush, scrub and prairie lizards will be most comfortable on rocks, limbs or similar cage furnishings. Terraria or cages meeting these criteria will require concerted effort on your part. This is your obligation as a keeper. Please do remember that having a sturdy stand is as important as designing the optimal terrarium. Cages and aquaria can be heavy by themselves, but the addition of the cage substrate and furniture will add significantly to the overall weight. A pair or trio of any of the small species can be set up in a 1. A sandy or pebbly substrate, real or artificial horizontal or diagonal limbs of two times the body diameter of the lizards or greater, and an easily accessible water dish should be the predominant theme for all species enclosures. When housing the saxicolous (rock specialist) species, reducing the number of limbs and adding sloping or flat pieces of shale or other flat rock elevated to a proper basking height will make your lizards feel more at home. Be certain the rocks are securely placed; your lizards will spend some time hiding in rock crevices. Meet the spiny lizards, genus Sceloporus, of the United States. The small species include sagebrush, canyon, fence, prairie and bunchgrass lizards. Dunes sagebrush lizard (S. Va., Va., N. C., S. C., Ga., Fla., Ala., Miss., and Tenn. Texas rose- bellied lizard (S. A 3. 0- gallon capacity cage will house a pair of blue or desert spiny lizards, and a 5. Of course, as with the smaller species, the larger the cage, the better. In the wild, these lizards inhabit territories at least as large as a human bedroom. Heating and Lighting for Spiny Lizards. At this outset, let’s mention some suggested parameters of terrarium/caging lighting and heating. All species contained in the genus Sceloporus, the swifts and spiny lizards, are diurnal and heliothermic. That is, they are active by day and are basking lizards. Northern and high- elevation species brumate (the reptilian equivalent of hibernation) throughout the months of winter. Species in the deep south remain active throughout much of the year, remaining hidden and inactive during rainy, overcast weather or during the passage of cold frontal systems. Although you can keep your swifts and spiny lizards active year- round by maintaining a suitable regimen of heat and lighting, it may not be possible to cycle those species that are normally inactive in winter without providing them with several months of cooling during the winter months. If you do decide to brumate your scelops, full darkness and a temperature in the high 4. Fahrenheit) should be maintained. The hibernating chamber should provide a moderate humidity of 6. Unless physically impeded, the beneficial output of natural (full- spectrum) sunlight is relatively stable. No matter at what point in its habitat a lizard chooses to bask — high in a tree or on a ground- level rock — the benefits (UVA, UVB and warmth) will be nearly the same. The beneficial aspects of full- spectrum cage lighting, however, are a different prospect entirely, and one that must be carefully considered during enclosure construction. Even the best of the full- spectrum bulbs produce only small amounts of the desired ultraviolet rays, and these are effective for only a short distance. In most cases, the basking spot for your lizard must be 1. Follow the instructions provided with your bulbs carefully. The best full- spectrum bulb produced will do no good and can be harmful if positioned improperly. Remember that your lizard must always be able to move to a cooler area of its cage and get away from the light. Full- spectrum lighting is now offered in both fluorescent and incandescent styles. While the fluorescent provides only lighting, the incandescent format can provide both light and heat. Whether in the wild or in captivity, swifts and spiny lizards will warm themselves in one or both of two ways. Arboreal species will simply splay out on a heated or sunny limb or trunk. If the latter, the lizard will often follow the sunny patches as they move, until the lizards are warmed. Saxicolous species not only utilize sunny rocks, but also elevate their body temperatures more quickly by lying flat against a rock surface already preheated by the sun (or a heat lamp). Of course, unlike the ever- moving sun, cage lighting is usually stationary. It will be necessary for you to position the full- spectrum lighting and the heat where it will best serve the needs of your lizard. Lighting should be available for at least 1. I have had best results when my lighting simulates the normal, seasonally variable photoperiod. A brilliantly lit and sufficiently warmed cage will stimulate these diurnal sun- loving lizards to indulge in normal activity, including feeding, territoriality and breeding. A cage that is insufficiently lighted or too cool will result in lethargic lizards that fail to thrive. Conversely, a cage that is too warm overall will cause the swifts and spiny lizards to burrow or seek other shelter to gain relief, again failing to thrive. Spiny lizards will do well if, in addition to sufficient lighting, the cage is maintained at 8. Take particular care to have the basking area you provide well within the parameters suggested for the bulb you choose. With the bulb off at night, cage temperatures may be allowed to drop to normal room temperatures (7. Feeding Sceloporus Lizards. Texas Spiny Lizard. Texas Spiny Lizard. Kingdom: Animalia. Phylum: Chordata. Subphylum: Vertebrata. Class: Reptilia. Order: Squamata Suborder: Iguania Family: Phrynosomatidae. Genus: Sceloporus. Species: S. Their color varies from grayish brown, olive brown to reddish brown, with their backs having contrasting designs. They have pale colored stripes running parallel on their backs. The tail and toes of Texas Lizards are sufficiently long and the scales on their backs are spiny and long. They measure about 1. Behavior. The Texas spiny lizards are arboreal and diurnal. They are fond of dwelling in places that abound in plenty of leaf litter on the ground, and their favorite place is the mesquite trees. Normally you see them in suburban places, basking on on telephone poles and fences. Characteristically they are nervous and shy, When you reach out to them, they generally run away noisily between the ground leaf litter, or retreat up a tree. Habitat. Their habitat is in the states of Oklahoma, Texas, south central United States and in the states of San Luis Potosi, Coahuila, Tamaulipas and Nuevo Leon in northeastern Mexico. You can frequently see them on fences, or trees throughout the area. As a Pet. Breeding. Breeding takes place in the summer and spring with 1 to 4 clutches of 1. Housing. You can breed a pair if you place them together. Overdose of substrate consumption leads to blockage in the intestines. Once in a way give them a treat of grasshoppers, worms and beetles’. You would do well not to feed meal worms to the adults. As food, they like butterflies most. They take pleasure, jumping about in the air. Handling. Texas spiny lizards are the right selection for a small pet. These pets, without hesitation, eat crickets that you can easily buy commercially, they adjust well as captives and they are sturdy. Our articles are free for you to copy and distribute. Make sure to give www. What are common alloys made from? Chris Woodford. Last updated: June 8, 2. Almost every material. From the gold we wear as jewelry to the. Earth's storehouse of amazing materials can supply virtually. Chemical elements are the basic building blocks from. Earth are made. There are 9. Take iron, for example. It's. amazingly strong, but it can be quite brittle and it also rusts. Or what about aluminum. That's why. most of the . Alloys are everywhere around us—from the. Let's take a closer look at what they are and why they're so. Photo: This fuel tank from the. Space Shuttle was made from a super- light aluminum- lithium alloy. The. most important metallic component of an alloy (often representing 9. The other components. Although an alloy. The structure of alloys. The Journal of Alloys and Compounds is intended to serve as an international medium for the publication of work on solid materials comprising compounds as. Home / Science & Nature / Science / Chemistry / Difference Between Alloy and Compound. Alloys and compounds defer in the way their constituent elements are mixed. Magnesium, its Alloys and Compounds By Deborah A. A simple explanation of what alloys are and how they're made, with a table listing some of the more common alloys. Iron (50%+), aluminum. ASTM Standard Designation for Wrought and Cast Copper and Copper Alloys. Uses of Copper Compounds: Copper Sulphate. Copper sulphate, blue stone. If you look at a metal through a powerful electron microscope, you can see. In an alloy, apart from the atoms of the main metal. An alloy like this. In most substitution alloys, the constituent. Brass, for. example, is a substitution alloy based on copper in. Brass. works as an alloy because copper and zinc are close to one another in. Interstitial alloys. Alloys can also form if the alloying agent or agents have atoms that. In that case, the agent atoms slip in. Steel is an. example of an interstitial alloy in which a relatively small number of. How do alloys behave? People make and use alloys because metals don't have exactly the. Iron is a great building. Aluminum is a very light metal but. Add small amounts of the metals. Alloys. always show improvements over the main metal in one or more of their. Generally, alloys are stronger and harder than their main. Photo: Right: This wire made from a shape- memory alloy springs exactly back to its original shape if you bend it. Photo by courtesy of NASA Glenn Research Center. NASA- GRC). How are alloys made? You might find the idea of an alloy as a . How. can you mix together two lumps of solid metal? The traditional way of. An alternative way of making an alloy is to turn the. This technique is. A third method of. Ion. implantation, as this is known, is a very precise way of making an alloy. It's. probably best known as a way of making the semiconductors used in. That's the essential idea behind most alloys—essentially metals . The New Science of Strong Materials (or Why You Don't Fall Through the Floor). New York/London: Penguin, 1. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2. Not about alloys at such, but a classic introduction to why different materials are good and bad at different jobs. Miodownik, Mark. Stuff Matters: Exploring the Marvellous Materials that Shape Our Man- Made World. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2. An easy- to- follow, popular introduction to the scientific secrets of everyday materials. Mc. Carthy, Natasha. Engineering: A Beginner's Guide. A short guide to what engineers do and how their work helps society. Petroski, Henry. Invention by Design: How Engineers Get from Thought to Thing. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1. Explains engineering as a cunning scientific way of solving everyday problems. More detailed books. It's quite hard to find simple, general books about alloys; search instead for books on . Materials: Engineering, Science, Processing and Design. Oxford: Butterworth- Heinemann, 1. Prof Ashby has written various college- level textbooks on materials science, including this one. Budinski, Kenneth G. Engineering Materials: Properties and Selection. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2. A comprehensive introduction. Polmear, Ian. Light Alloys: From Traditional Alloys to Nanocrystals. Oxford: Butterworth- Heinemann, 2. A good book about airspace- type alloys (aluminum, magnesium, titanium alloys). Organizations. If you liked this article.. You might like my new book, Atoms Under the Floorboards: The Surprising Science Hidden in Your Home, published worldwide by Bloomsbury. Uses of Alloys. Alloys are metallic substances composed of a mixture or metallic solid solution of two or more metals. They can even be composed of a metal and another element which may be non- mettalic to produce an alloy. An alloy usually has different properties from the elements that it is composed of. A variation in the concentration and ratios of elements produces alloys with different properties. They can be classified into two types, substitutional or interstitial alloys which difference depends on the arrangement of the atoms that make up them. There are several combinations of alloys which can be achieved by combining different metals or elements to have different properties and serve different functions. The uses of alloys are vast, and they can be manipulated to serve different functions by combining metals to produce alloys with specific properties ideal for the application. The use of alloys is vast in several different industries, ranging from military and medical equipment to commercial and industrial materials. Some examples of alloys are copper, stainless steel, aluminium and bronze, with each of them having different properties. Alloys have been around for a very long time, even before modern technology. However, the progress in alloy technology only occurred in the last few decades. Copper was the first metal to be extracted from an ore and it was later combined with tin to create bronze. Today there are several combinations of alloys that serve different needs and functions. In this form of merger, the metals are not made to chemically bond with one another but are simply mixed together to achieve certain properties. Alloys made out of the combination of copper and zinc is known as brass. These alloys are a type of decorative metal that are used to make musical instruments. Even gold and silver that are used to make jewelry do not usually contain pure gold or silver but have a certain percentage of copper or other metals to provide the jewelry with longer lasting properties. Also, when iron is extracted from its ore, it produces alloys that have varyin amount of carbon. Uses of Aluminium Alloys. Just like other metal alloys, aluminium alloys gain strength and specific characteristic after they are produced from the merger of aluminium with other elements. Properties such as light weight and great strength allow aluminium to be used in several different industries. Applications of aluminium include transportation, electrical applications, construction and medicine. High altitude flying would not have been possible without aluminium as it posses properties that can withstand high pressures. Uses of Copper Alloys. Possessing properties such as high corrosion resistance, ductility, low cost and electrical and thermal conductivity, copper alloys are used vastly in manufacturing electrical equipment. They are commonly used for heat exchangers as they can conduct thermal energy efficiently. Their low cost allows them to be used for making several electrical appliances in the industry. Uses of Nickel Alloys. Used in applications such as aircraft turbine engines, nuclear power plants and many chemical and petrochemical industries, nickel alloys have contributed to today’s economy greatly. These alloys have great corrosion and heat resistance and are commonly used in control equipment to determine the base electrical characteristics of that equipment. Uses of Stainless steel Alloys. One of the most vastly used alloys, steel is a combination of iron with a small amount of carbon, which gives the alloy a different type of crystal arrangement within allowing the crystal layer to slide past one another and thus giving the alloy properties like resistance to oxidation and strength. Stainless steelalloys are also vastly used in many industries. Their key property to resist corrosion and rusting allow them to be used in applications at the bottom of the sea. Commercial applications of these alloys include cutleries and watch straps. In the manufacturing industry, stainless steel alloys are used to make electronic agricultural materials. |
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